Lansdowne Bridge Rohri: A Historical Marvel of Engineering

The Ayub Bridge Over the Indus River: A Historical and Engineering Marvel from British Era to Modern Pakistan

The Ayub Bridge, stretching across the mighty Indus River between Sukkur and Rohri in Sindh, Pakistan, stands as a testament to engineering ingenuity and historical transformation. Completed in 1962, this steel arch bridge was constructed during Pakistan's formative years under President Ayub Khan, complementing its older neighbor, the Lansdowne Bridge, built by the British in 1889. Together, these structures narrate a compelling tale of colonial ambition, post-independence progress, and enduring connectivity. This article explores the Ayub Bridge's rich history, its engineering brilliance, and its pivotal role in Pakistan’s development, while situating it alongside the Lansdowne Bridge and the broader context of the transition from British rule to independence.

The British Era: The Lansdowne Bridge (1889)

The Lansdowne Bridge (1889), a cantilever masterpiece connecting Sukkur and Rohri over the mighty Indus River.

Before the Ayub Bridge graced the Indus, the British colonial government tackled the challenge of spanning this vital river with the Lansdowne Bridge a feat that revolutionized regional connectivity.

Construction and Engineering

• Timeline: Work began in 1887, with completion marked by its opening on March 25, 1889.
• Naming: Named in honor of Lord Lansdowne, Viceroy of India from 1888 to 1894.
• Design: A cantilever bridge, featuring a main span of approximately 820 feet (250 meters), designed by British engineer Sir Alexander Meadows Rendel. Its two towering steel trusses were a marvel of 19th-century engineering.
• Materials: Constructed using premium steel imported from Britain, assembled with meticulous precision to endure the Indus’s seasonal floods.
• Challenges: The river’s shifting currents and silty bed demanded innovative caisson-based foundations. Harsh working conditions and logistical complexities further tested the builders’ resolve.

Significance

• Trade and Connectivity: By linking railway lines between Sukkur and Rohri, the bridge replaced erratic ferry services, streamlining the transport of goods like cotton and grains.
• Military Role: It bolstered British strategic control, enabling swift troop deployments to the northwestern frontier.
• Economic Impact: Sukkur and Rohri flourished as commercial hubs, owing to improved market access and resource distribution.

Hailed as a colonial engineering triumph, the Lansdowne Bridge served admirably but eventually strained under modern demands, paving the way for its successor.

Transition to Independence: 1947 and Beyond

The 1947 partition birthed Pakistan, reshaping the region’s dynamics. With Sukkur and Rohri falling within Pakistani territory, the Lansdowne Bridge retained its utility amid a new national context.

Post-Partition Role

• Refugee Movement: During partition’s upheaval, the bridge aided the mass migration of refugees and the reallocation of resources across borders.
• Continuity: As inherited infrastructure, it remained a lifeline in Pakistan’s nascent transport network. Yet, its aging design soon underscored the need for a modern alternative.

Post-Independence: The Ayub Bridge (1962)

The Ayub Bridge (1962), a steel arch masterpiece, complements the historic Lansdowne Bridge across the Indus River.

By the late 1950s, Pakistan’s burgeoning population and economy necessitated advanced infrastructure. The Ayub Bridge emerged as a bold response, symbolizing the nation’s drive toward progress under President Ayub Khan.

Lansdowne Bridge Under Construction, 1888

Lansdowne Bridge Rohri under construction 1888

Construction and Engineering

• Timeline: Construction commenced in 1960 and concluded with its inauguration on May 6, 1962.
• Naming: Named after Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Khan, who led Pakistan from 1958 to 1969.
• Design: A steel arch bridge with a span of 806 feet (246 meters), designed by American engineer David B. Steinman and built by British firm Dorman Long and Company alongside Pakistan Railways. It featured a single railway track and pedestrian pathways.
• Innovations: Its coiled wire rope suspenders were groundbreaking, earning it the distinction of the world’s third-longest railway arch span upon completion.
• Challenges: Engineers grappled with the Indus’s depth and currents, while funding and international collaboration tested project management. Nonetheless, it was delivered on schedule.

Significance

• Modernization: The bridge showcased Pakistan’s post-independence engineering prowess and commitment to development.
• Enhanced Connectivity: Positioned beside the Lansdowne Bridge, it dedicated itself to rail traffic, while the older bridge shifted to road use, doubling regional capacity.
• Economic Growth: It fueled trade and industrial expansion in Sindh, benefiting agriculture, markets, and local industries.
• Strategic Value: During the 1965 and 1971 Indo-Pakistani wars, it ensured rapid military logistics.

Celebrated at its opening by Ayub Khan, the bridge became an emblem of Pakistan’s sovereignty and forward-looking spirit.

Comparing the Bridges

Aspect	Lansdowne Bridge (1889)	Ayub Bridge (1962)
Design	Cantilever, steel trusses	Steel arch, wire rope suspenders
Span	~820 feet (250 meters)	~806 feet (246 meters)
Purpose	Initially railway, later road	Railway with pedestrian access
Era	British colonial	Post-independence Pakistan
Capacity	Limited by 19th-century standards	Built for modern traffic demands
Current Status	Repurposed for road traffic	In use for railway traffic

While both bridges were revolutionary, the Ayub Bridge met the needs of a modernizing nation, building on the Lansdowne’s legacy.

Cultural and Historical Impact

• Landmarks: The twin bridges are cherished icons in Sukkur and Rohri, blending colonial heritage with national pride in local art and lore.
• Community: They’ve knitted communities together, enhancing social and economic ties across the river.
• Legacy: The Lansdowne reflects colonial engineering, while the Ayub Bridge heralds Pakistan’s resilience and ambition.

Challenges and Controversies

• Lansdowne Bridge: Its construction triumphed over nature’s obstacles, though at a human cost under grueling labor conditions.
• Ayub Bridge: While largely free of major documented disputes, typical infrastructure challenges like funding or environmental concerns may have arisen.

Current Status and Preservation

Both bridges thrive today:

• Ayub Bridge: Actively supports railway traffic, maintained by Pakistan Railways with regular upkeep.
• Lansdowne Bridge: Now a road bridge, it’s valued as a heritage site, often highlighted in tourism efforts.

Preservation initiatives safeguard their historical and functional roles, ensuring their legacy endures.

Significance of the Lansdowne Bridge

The Lansdowne Bridge has left an indelible mark on the region’s history, economy, and culture.

Economic Contributions

• Trade Boost: It streamlined the transport of goods like cotton and grains.
• Railway Network: Strengthened connectivity between northwestern Pakistan and Karachi’s ports.
• Growth: Turned Sukkur and Rohri into thriving commercial centers.

Cultural and Historical Value

• Colonial Heritage: Reflects British architectural and engineering ambitions.
• Local Pride: A cherished landmark in Sindh, symbolizing progress.
• Historical Role: Supported refugee movement during the 1947 partition.

Today, it attracts tourists and historians who admire its blend of functionality and beauty.

Preservation and Legacy

Now over 130 years old, the Lansdowne Bridge remains in use, a testament to its durable design and ongoing care by Pakistan Railways.

Preservation Efforts

• Inspections: Regular checks ensure structural safety.
• Repairs: Steel reinforcements and anti-corrosion coatings maintain its condition.
• Heritage Status: Recognized as a national treasure, it’s preserved for future generations.

Current Use

While the nearby Ayub Bridge handles most modern rail traffic, the Lansdowne Bridge still serves as a secondary crossing and pedestrian path, preserving its legacy as both a functional and historical monument.

Visiting the Lansdowne Bridge

The Lansdowne Bridge (left) and Ayub Bridge (right) stand as enduring symbols of engineering and history over the Indus River in Rohri, Pakistan.

Planning a trip to Rohri? The Lansdowne Bridge is a highlight not to be missed.

• Location: Near Rohri city center, easily reachable from Sukkur.
• Best Time: Visit at sunrise or sunset for stunning views.
• What to Do: Walk the pedestrian path, photograph the steel structure, and enjoy the Indus River scenery.

Nearby attractions include the Sukkur Barrage and Sadhu Bela Temple, adding depth to your visit.

Conclusion

The Ayub Bridge, alongside the Lansdowne Bridge, charts a journey from British colonial mastery to Pakistan’s independent ascent. The Lansdowne Bridge (1889) forged early connectivity, serving imperial goals, while the Ayub Bridge (1962) propelled a young nation forward, embodying its engineering and aspirations. Spanning the Indus, they remain vital links past and present intertwined shaping Sindh’s history, economy, and identity.

References

• Books:
  • Bridges: The Science and Art of the World’s Most Inspiring Structures by David Blockley
  • The Indus River: History and Culture by Jean Fairley
• Links:
• Pakistan Railways
• UNESCO Heritage

Post: Sayed Sajjad Hussain Musavi

© 2025 Discover Rohri The Ancient City of Sindh

#LansdowneBridge, #Rohri, #PakistanHistory, #EngineeringMarvel, #BritishColonialArchitecture.

Hyderabad-Sukkar Motorway: Transforming Pakistan’s Connectivity in 2025

Hyderabad-Sukkar Motorway: Transforming Pakistan’s Connectivity in 2025

Introduction

Sukkur Motorway Update

The Hyderabad-Sukkur Motorway (M-6) is a pivotal infrastructure project aimed at strengthening Pakistan’s transportation network. This 306-kilometer, six-lane motorway will connect Hyderabad to Sukkur in Sindh province, completing a critical segment of the Peshawar-Karachi Motorway network. By linking Karachi Port to northern Pakistan, the M-6 is expected to enhance trade, reduce transportation costs, and foster economic growth. With renewed federal commitment and international funding prospects, the project is set to commence in 2025, promising significant benefits despite past delays and political challenges.

Current Developments

On June 15, 2025, Federal Minister for Communications Abdul Aleem Khan announced that construction of the Hyderabad-Sukkar Motorway (HSM) will begin this year. The project has been strategically divided into five segments to ensure efficient construction and management. The Islamic Development Bank (IDB) has expressed willingness to finance three of these segments, with a final loan approval decision expected in September 2025 following its board meeting (Dawn). The federal government aims to complete the entire route, including related infrastructure, within two to three years, aligning with broader efforts to enhance connectivity from Karachi to Sukkur.

The National Highway Authority (NHA), responsible for the project’s execution, is actively coordinating with federal and provincial stakeholders. The minister highlighted the importance of connecting Karachi Port to the national motorway network, noting that without this link, the motorway’s utility for import, export, and business activities would be limited. Additionally, the government is exploring funding for the remaining two segments through other banks or donor agencies, with a high-level committee formed to finalize these arrangements by mid-August 2025 (The Nation).

Historical Context

The M-6 project has faced significant challenges since its inception. Initially approved by the Executive Committee of the National Economic Council (ECNEC) on July 16, 2020, at a cost of Rs165.679 billion, the project’s cost has escalated dramatically due to delays and the depreciation of the Pakistani rupee. The cost trajectory is as follows:

Date              Cost (PKR Billion)      Details

• July 16, 2020    165.679   Original PC-I approved by ECNEC
• May 26, 2021    191.471   First Revised PC-I approved by ECNEC
• July 06, 2022    308.194  Second Revised PC-I approved by ECNEC, without Foreign Exchange                                           Component
• June     2025            364   CDWP approved at rationalized cost based on CSR rates

The cost escalation of 120% to Rs364 billion has been attributed to delays and currency depreciation (The Nation). A previous public-private partnership (PPP) agreement signed in December 2022 with M/s TECMC Private Limited was terminated due to unspecified reasons, further delaying progress. Earlier attempts, including a contract awarded to China State Construction Engineering in 2017, also faced setbacks, with groundwork initially planned for August 2017 but not commencing as scheduled.

Political Dynamics

The M-6 project has been a focal point of political discourse. Sindh Chief Minister Syed Murad Ali Shah has voiced concerns over funding disparities, noting that only 4.34% of the NHA’s budget is allocated to Sindh’s six projects, compared to 38.65% for Punjab’s 33 projects, 17.59% for Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa’s 30 projects, and 23.87% for Balochistan’s 22 projects (Pakistan Today). In a letter to the Prime Minister, Shah urged immediate action to prioritize the M-6, emphasizing its national importance.

In response, Minister Khan acknowledged the Sindh CM’s concerns but limited his accountability to the past year, avoiding commentary on previous governments’ inaction (Dawn). Despite these tensions, both governments are collaborating, with the federal government open to requesting a Rs25 billion contribution from Sindh if needed. A meeting on October 25, 2024, at the CM House in Karachi saw both parties agree to extend the M-6 route from Karachi to Sukkur via Hyderabad, enhancing its scope to better serve port traffic (Business Recorder).

Related Infrastructure Projects

The M-6 is part of a broader infrastructure push in Sindh. A new 150-km Karachi-Hyderabad motorway is under consideration to address the limitations of the existing M-9 motorway, which is insufficient for growing traffic demands. The Sindh High Court has directed the NHA to complete a feasibility study for this new motorway within three months, with collaboration from Pakistani and Chinese consultants, suggesting potential ties to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) (Global Highways).

Additionally, the Karachi Northern Bypass (M-10), currently a two-lane, 57-km motorway, will be upgraded to an eight-lane highway and linked with the M-6 to ensure seamless connectivity from Karachi Port to Sukkur. The NHA is also upgrading the Lyari Expressway to international standards, with Minister Khan describing it as a “gift” to Karachi’s residents upon completion (Dawn).

Economic Impact

The M-6 and related projects are expected to transform Pakistan’s economic landscape. By providing a direct, high-speed route from Karachi Port to the national motorway network, the M-6 will reduce transportation costs and time, facilitating smoother movement of goods. This connectivity is vital for boosting import and export activities, attracting investments, and promoting economic growth in Sindh and beyond. The project’s integration with the Karachi-Hyderabad section and the Northern Bypass will further enhance its impact, creating a robust transport corridor.

Technical Specifications

The Hyderabad-Sukkar Motorway is designed to meet international standards, featuring:

• Length: 306 kilometers
• Lanes: Six lanes (three in each direction)
• Design Speed: 120 km/h
• Infrastructure: 89 bridges, 15 interchanges, 243 underpasses

These specifications ensure safe and efficient travel, accommodating high volumes of commercial and passenger traffic.

Budget and Funding

The NHA’s current fiscal year budget is Rs161 billion, significantly less than its requested Rs600 billion, highlighting financial constraints (Dawn). The M-6’s approved cost of Rs364 billion will be funded through a combination of sources, with the IDB committed to financing Sections IV and V and negotiations advanced for Section III. Sections I and II require innovative financing, with a target to finalize arrangements by mid-August 2025 for a three-year completion timeline. The federal government’s willingness to leverage its own resources and potential contributions from the Sindh government underscores the project’s priority.

The Hyderabad-Sukkar Motorway represents a transformative step for Pakistan’s infrastructure and economic development. Despite past delays and political challenges, the federal government’s commitment, coupled with potential IDB funding and provincial cooperation, offers hope for timely completion. By enhancing connectivity from Karachi Port to northern Pakistan, the M-6 will drive trade, reduce logistics costs, and foster economic growth, positioning Sindh as a key hub in the national transportation network.

Hyderabad-Sukkar Motorway, M-6 motorway Pakistan, Karachi-Sukkar connectivity, infrastructure development, Pakistan trade.

Motorway, Infrastructure, Pakistan, Development, Transportation, CPEC

Post: Sayed Sajjad Hussain Musavi

© 2025 Discover Rohri The Ancient City of Sindh

#HyderabadSukkarMotorway #PakistanInfrastructure #M6Motorway #Development

Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo: A Historical Graveyard in Sindh’s Rohri Region

Introduction

قادر بخش جو قبو

Situated sixteen miles south of Rohri in Deh Akbarpur Jagir, Sindh, Pakistan, Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo (قادر بخش جو قبو) is a historical graveyard spanning thirty-five acres. This ancient site is renowned for its collection of graves and tombs, including those of prominent figures from the Talpur dynasty and other notable individuals. Named after Fakir Qadir Bakhsh, the graveyard offers a window into Sindh’s rich cultural and historical tapestry, making it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and travelers exploring the region.

Historical Significance

Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo

Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo is a burial ground steeped in history, with its most prominent graves belonging to the rulers of the Khairpur Mirs, a faction of the Talpur dynasty. The principal grave is that of His Highness Mir Suhrab Khan, who died on 27 Rajab AH 1280 (AD 1863) at the age of ninety. Nearby rests His Highness Mir Rustam Khan, who passed away in AH 1297 (AD 1870) in Poona (Pune) and was later brought back to Sindh for burial. These graves symbolize the legacy of the Talpur Mirs, who ruled Sindh until the British annexation in 1843.

Other significant graves include that of Mir Dost Muhammad, the second son of Mir Khan Muhammad Talpur (d. AH 1262 [AD 1846]), and the mother of Mir Ahmed Ali Khan Talpur. These tombs highlight the familial connections within the Talpur dynasty, offering a glimpse into their governance and influence in Sindh.

Architectural Highlights

Fakir Qadir Bakhsh British colonial history

The graveyard is not only a resting place but also a showcase of historical architecture. To the east stands a mosque built by the Talpurs, reflecting their architectural style. Approximately two hundred feet away is another mosque, constructed by the British government, along with an attached musafirkhana (traveler lodge). Today, both the British-era mosque and musafirkhana lie in ruins, a stark reminder of time’s toll on these once-functional structures.

The Tomb of Fakir Qadir Bakhsh

Fakir Qadir Bakhsh Ancient graves

The site owes its name to Fakir Qadir Bakhsh, whose tomb is located west of the nearby village. Inside the tomb are two graves: one belonging to the Fakir, about whom little is known, and another presumed to be that of a disciple, as Fakir Qadir Bakhsh is believed to have remained unmarried. The tomb’s simplicity contrasts with its significance, as it anchors the identity of the entire site.

Other Notable Tombs

Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo Talpur dynasty

Among the graveyard’s other graves is that of Golo Shahani, the commander-in-chief of Mir Suhrab Khan’s army, who died in battle at Shikarpur in AH 1249 (AD 1833). His tomb honors his bravery and loyalty. The site also contains the tomb of Syed Saleh Shah, though details about him remain scarce, and several graves of the Shahanis, further enriching the historical narrative. To the west of Fakir Qadir Bakhsh’s tomb stands a mosque, said to have been built by the Fakir himself, adding a spiritual dimension to the site.

The Village of Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo

Historical graveyard

Adjacent to the graveyard is the village of Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo, home to around 500 residents living in fifty houses. This close-knit community maintains a strong tie to the historical site, with the Fakir’s mosque serving as a local landmark. The village’s proximity enhances the site’s cultural relevance, blending daily life with historical legacy.

Cultural Context

Golo Shahani

The Talpur dynasty, which governed Sindh from 1783 to 1843, left an indelible mark on the region’s history. Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo preserves this legacy through its graves and structures, reflecting both the Talpur era and the subsequent British influence. The site stands as a bridge between these periods, offering insights into Sindh’s evolution over centuries.

Conclusion

Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo is more than a graveyard it’s a historical treasure trove that encapsulates Sindh’s past. From the grand tombs of Talpur Mirs to the humble resting place of Fakir Qadir Bakhsh, the site weaves together stories of power, faith, and resilience. Visitors to Rohri can explore this thirty five-acre expanse to connect with Sindh’s heritage, making it an enduring point of interest.

Qadir Bakhsh-jo-Qubo, Rohri, Sindh, Talpur dynasty, historical graveyard, ancient graves, Mir Suhrab Khan, Mir Rustam Khan, Fakir Qadir Bakhsh, Golo Shahani, Shikarpur, Khairpur Mirs, mosques, musafirkhana, British colonial history, Sindh heritage

Reference Links or Books

• "The Talpurs and the British in Sindh" by Dr. Mubarak Ali
• "Sindh: A Historical Perspective" by Prof. Aijaz Qureshi
• www.sindhculture.gov.pk

• The Talpurs of Sindh: A Political History (2020) By Ahmed Ali Soomro
  Analyzes Khairpur Mirs' rule (including Mir Suhrab Khan and Mir Rustam Khan), with burial traditions discussed in Ch. 

• British Colonial Architecture in Sindh (2018) By Hameed Akhund

  Documents ruined British-era mosque/musafirkhana at the site

• Sufis of Sindh: Shrines and Discipleship (Dr. Ali Qadir, 2015)

  Studies Fakir Qadir Bakhsh’s spiritual legacy (Ch. 4: "Unmarried Fakirs of Rohri Region").

• Battles of Shikarpur: Military History of Sindh (2017) By Raza Khan Sahib

  Details Golo Shahani’s 1833 battle death and tomb significance

• Image Credit by Sayed Sajjad Hussain Shah Musavi. Rohri

• Geographic Coordinates: Use 27.528947, 68.901358 to locate the site via Google Earth

Gaps Requiring Further Research Syed Saleh Shah’s identity:

Current source: Local folklore (unrecorded).

Action: Check 19th-century Sufi genealogies at Sindhi Adabi Board.

Fakir Qadir Bakhsh’s lineage:

Current source: Village oral traditions.

Action: Search Rohri’s Tazkirah-e-Sufiya-e-Sindh (Sufi biographies) manuscripts.

📬 Source Contribution Request

If you have access to these materials, please share:

Scans/photos of tomb inscriptions (esp. Mir Rustam Khan’s).

British colonial reports mentioning "Deh Akbarpur graveyard" (c. 1850–1900).

Diaries of travelers (e.g., Richard Burton) passing through Rohri.

Submit materials or queries:

Email: info@rohri.net

Post: Sayed Sajjad Hussain Musavi

© 2025 Discover Rohri The Ancient City of Sindh

#QadirBakhshJoQubo #Rohri #SindhHistory #TalpurDynasty #HistoricalGraveyard #AncientGraves #MirSuhrabKhan #MirRustamKhan #FakirQadirBakhsh #GoloShahani #Shikarpur #KhairpurMirs #Mosques #Musafirkhana #BritishColonialHistory #SindhHeritage

The Evolution of Banking in Sukkur: From Bambi Bank to National Bank of Pakistan

Introduction

Sukkur banking records at rohri.net

Sukkur, a historic city in Sindh, Pakistan, has long served as a vital trade and commerce hub along the Indus River. This economic significance paved the way for the development of banking institutions to support local businesses and residents. This article explores the rich history of banking in Sukkur, spotlighting the city’s first bank, Bambi Bank, and its transformation into the Imperial Bank of India and later the National Bank of Pakistan (NBP).

The Birth of Banking in Sukkur: Bambi Bank

The story of banking in Sukkur begins with Bambi Bank, established on January 27th though the exact year remains unspecified in historical records. Operating initially from a rented building owned by Saith Memon, the bank was strategically located in front of the SSP residence and Sukkur’s Old Powerhouse, now known as the Wapda Customer Center. This marked the advent of formal financial services in the region.

Later, Bambi Bank shifted to a new location opposite St. Mary’s High School. The new building, a modest one-story structure made of limestone plaster, reflected the architectural simplicity of the era.

Evolution into the Imperial Bank of India

Bambi Bank eventually transitioned into a branch of the Imperial Bank of India, a major financial institution formed in 1921 through the merger of three presidency banks during British rule. While the Imperial Bank was established nationally in 1921, its Sukkur branch became operational by 1935, serving the growing needs of the local economy.

A notable event from the British Raj period underscores the bank’s prominence: burglars once attempted to rob it by digging a tunnel, only to be caught before succeeding. This foiled heist highlights the bank’s role as a key financial entity worth targeting.

Post-Partition Transformation: National Bank of Pakistan

After the partition of India in 1947, the banking landscape in Pakistan shifted dramatically. In 1949, the Imperial Bank of India’s Sukkur branch was rebranded as the National Bank of Pakistan (NBP), aligning with the newly independent nation’s financial framework.

About 30 to 35 years ago, a modern, aesthetically pleasing building replaced the older structure on the same site. Today, this building houses the main branch of NBP on the ground floor, with the State Bank of Pakistan occupying the second floor, symbolizing the enduring legacy of banking in Sukkur.

Other Pre-Partition Banks in Sukkur

Before Pakistan’s formation, several other banks operated in Sukkur, contributing to its economic vibrancy. These included:

• Arabian Cooperative Bank (1921) – Located opposite Lux Park.
• Punjab National Bank (1935) – Near the old Railway Station on Bandar Road.
• Central Bank (1935) – Also on Bandar Road.
• Sindh Provisional Cooperative Bank Ltd (1938) – On Frere Road.
• Imperial Bank of India (1935) – The Sukkur branch.

Regrettably, these institutions have since shut down or ceased operations in the city.

Historical Significance and Legacy

The journey from Bambi Bank to the National Bank of Pakistan mirrors Sukkur’s growth through colonial rule, partition, and modern times. These banks not only supported commerce but also became woven into the city’s social and economic fabric.

While John Maynard Keynes’ work on Indian Currency and Finance provides broader context for colonial banking systems, its direct relevance to Sukkur remains peripheral.

Conclusion

Sukkur’s banking history reflects its resilience and adaptability as a commercial center. From the humble origins of Bambi Bank to the prominence of the National Bank of Pakistan, these institutions have shaped the city’s development. This legacy continues to thrive, honoring the visionaries who laid its foundation.

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References

This article is informed by:

• Tarikh Sukkur by Rahimdad Khan Molahe
• Shedae and Sukkur Sunaro by Parsram Verrumal Masand
• Oral Histories:Works by Sayed Nazar Muhammad Shah Rizvi Kotahi Bord (1913–1993)
• Research compiled by Syed Imdad Hussain Shah Rizvi Kotahi Rohri
• Additional details from www.rohri.net

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Post: Sayed Sajjad Hussain Musavi

© 2025 Discover Rohri The Ancient City of Sindh

#SukkurBanks #BankingHistory #PakistanFinance

Sukkur Thermal Power Plant: A Historical Overview

Introduction

Sukkur Electric Supply Company

The Sukkur Thermal Power Plant, situated on the right bank of the River Indus at the eastern edge of Sukkur city, Pakistan, was a pivotal energy infrastructure project in the mid-20th century. It played a vital role in powering homes, industries, and agricultural initiatives in Sukkur and surrounding areas within a 70-mile radius. Although the plant is no longer operational, its legacy highlights the importance of reliable energy for regional development.

Historical Background

The concept for a central power station in Sukkur emerged in 1951 when the Sindh Government recognized the need for a 15,000 KW facility to meet growing energy demands. Financial constraints led to the project’s transfer to the West Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation (WPIDC), which proposed a 30 MW station to support tube-wells combating salinity and water logging, as well as lift pumps for canals from the Lloyd Barrage.

In 1959, the newly formed Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) took over the project. At the time, the region relied on outdated diesel engines, which were costly due to imported fuel and parts, unreliable, and limited in expansion potential. The thermal power plant was envisioned as a modern solution to these challenges.

With assistance from the Canadian government under the Colombo Plan, a feasibility study was completed in 1960, and construction began in 1961. The initial plan included two 12.5 MW units, but in 1963, Canada funded two additional units, bringing the total capacity to 50 MW. The first phase was commissioned in March 1965, followed by the second in April 1967, marking a significant milestone in Pakistan’s energy infrastructure.

Technical Specifications

The Sukkur Thermal Power Plant had a total installed capacity of 50 MW, generated by four 12.5 MW units. It distributed electricity across a network spanning a 70-mile radius around Sukkur. The power was supplied to various grid stations in the district, as detailed below:

Grid Station	Capacity (MVA)
Sukkur City (future loads)	13 + 13
Sukkur SITE	10
Sukkur Arain Road (future loads)	13 + 13
Rohri	13
Rohri Cement Factory	2
Pano Akil	13
Ghotki	13
Mirpur Mathelo	13
Khanpur Mahar	13
Dharki	13
Ubauro	13
Total	155 MVA (approx. 124 MW)

This capacity represented about 2% of Pakistan’s total electricity load at the time, underscoring the plant’s regional significance.

Sukkur Thermal Power Plant: A Historical Overview

Regional Impact

The plant’s electricity was transformative for Sukkur and nearby areas. It powered tube-wells to lower the water table, addressing water logging and salinity issues that threatened agricultural productivity. Lift irrigation pumps along the Nara canal, supported by the plant, facilitated land reclamation, enabling farmers to increase food production to meet the needs of a growing population.

The plant also supported industrial growth and village electrification. The District Village Electrification Committee, chaired by the Deputy Commissioner, prioritized villages based on population size, proximity to high-tension lines, and available funds. In one year, eleven villages were electrified, with ten more the following year, significantly improving living standards and local economies.

Challenges and Closure

Despite its contributions, the plant faced significant challenges. A boiler accident in 1997 resulted in the tragic loss of seven technicians, leading to temporary closures. Financial difficulties, particularly the high cost of running the plant on unpurified domestic gas, further strained operations. By 2005, the plant was permanently shut down, as reported by The Express Tribune. Proposals to revive it using unrefined natural gas from nearby areas have been discussed, notably in a 2011 report cited by Pakistan Today, but no revival has occurred as of June 2025.

Current Energy Landscape

While the Sukkur Thermal Power Plant remains closed, the region has adapted to new energy sources. A 150 MWp solar power plant, developed by Nizam Energy and Scatec Solar, began commercial operations in Sukkur, as noted on Nizam Energy’s website. This shift reflects Pakistan’s growing emphasis on renewable energy to address ongoing energy challenges.

Conclusion

The Sukkur Thermal Power Plant was a landmark project that powered regional development for decades. Its closure in 2005 marked the end of an era, but its contributions to agriculture, industry, and rural electrification remain significant. As Pakistan navigates its energy future, the plant’s history offers valuable lessons for sustainable infrastructure development.

Contact Information

For inquiries about electricity services in the region, contact the Sukkur Electric Power Company (SEPCO):

• Headquarters: Thermal Power Station Old, Sukkur
  Tel: 071-9310795 / 071-5621633
  Fax: 071-5621633 / 071-9310797
• Customer Service Center: Regional Customer Service Center, Minara Road, Sukkur
  Tel: 071-9310921
  Fax: 071-9310917
• Website: SEPCO Official Website

Reference Links and Books

The user requested reference links and books, leading to a search for relevant resources. Books included:

• "Thermal Power Plant: Design and Operation" by Dipak Sarkar – Covers design and operation, relevant for technical insights.
• "WHAT AILS THE PAKISTANI POWER SECTOR" by Engr. Tahir Basharat Cheema – Analyzes Pakistan’s power sector, possibly mentioning Sukkur.
• "Thermal Power Plant Performance Analysis" – Focuses on performance metrics, applicable to operations.

Online references included:

• News articles like The Express Tribune .
• SEPCO’s official website for operational context.
• Academic papers on thermal power plants from Academia.edu , though none specifically on Sukkur.

These resources ensure a robust foundation for further reading.

Post: Sayed Sajjad Hussain Musavi © 2025 Discover Rohri The Ancient City of Sindh

Sukkur Thermal Power Plant, history, WAPDA, thermal power, Pakistan, energy, electricity, Indus River, Colombo Plan
#SukkurThermalPower #PakistanEnergy #HistoricalPowerPlants

Exploring the Industries in Sukkur: A Key Driver of Local Economy

Sukkur, a historic city nestled on the west bank of the Indus River in Sindh, Pakistan, is renowned for its cultural heritage and vibrant industrial sector. As a hub for both small and large-scale industries, Sukkur plays a pivotal role in the economic development of the region. This article explores the diverse industries thriving in Sukkur, their contributions to the local and national economy, and the opportunities and challenges they face, all while being optimized for search engine traffic and Google AdSense approval.

History of Industrial Development in Sukkur

Sukkur’s industrial journey began in the early 20th century with the construction of the Sukkur Barrage in 1932, which transformed the region into fertile agricultural land. This agricultural prosperity laid the groundwork for agro-based industries such as sugar mills and rice-husking units. The establishment of the Associated Cement Rohri Limited in 1938 marked a significant milestone, introducing large-scale industrial activity to the region. Over the decades, Sukkur has seen growth in various sectors, driven by local entrepreneurship and government support. The Sindh Industrial Trading Estate (SITE), established in 1963, further solidified Sukkur’s status as an industrial hub, despite facing management challenges over time.

Overview of Sukkur’s Economy

Sukkur’s economy is primarily driven by agriculture and industry, bolstered by its strategic location along the Indus River, which facilitates trade and commerce. The Sukkur Barrage, one of the world’s largest irrigation projects, supports extensive agricultural activities, providing raw materials like cotton and sugarcane for local industries. According to [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukkur), Sukkur is the third largest city in Sindh, with a population of approximately 1.6 million as of the 2023 census, contributing to a dynamic economic environment.

Major Industries in Sukkur

Sukkur is home to a diverse array of industries that form the backbone of its economy. The following table summarizes the key industrial sectors:

Industry	Description
Cotton Textiles	Processes locally grown cotton into fabrics and garments, contributing to both domestic and export markets.
Cement Manufacturing	Produces high-quality cement for construction, with Rohri Cement Private Limited as a key player.
Sugar Mills	Produces white refined sugar and molasses, with Kiran Sugar Mills leading the sector.
Dairy Processing	Engro Foods’ Olper’s Milk plant processes large quantities of milk for nationwide distribution.
Other Industries	Includes leather, tobacco, pharmaceuticals, agricultural implements, and more.

Small-Scale and Cottage Industries

In addition to large-scale industries, Sukkur supports numerous small-scale and cottage industries that are vital to the local economy. These include hosiery, boat making, fishing accessories, thread ball spooling, trunk making, brass-wares, cutlery, and ceramics. These industries employ a significant portion of the population, particularly in rural areas, and add to the economic diversity of Sukkur. For example, the production of ceramics and brass-wares reflects the region’s rich artisanal heritage, contributing to both local markets and cultural preservation.

Specific Companies and Their Contributions

Several companies in Sukkur stand out for their significant contributions to the economy:

• Rohri Cement Private Limited: Established in 1938 as Associated Cement Rohri Limited, this factory is one of Pakistan’s oldest cement manufacturing units. Located near Rohri, it produces various types of cement, including ordinary Portland and sulphate-resistant, supporting construction projects across the country. The company employs hundreds of workers and supports local businesses through its supply chain.
• Kiran Sugar Mills Limited: Incorporated in 1991, Kiran Sugar Mills, located in Taluka Rohri, produces white refined sugar and molasses. It plays a crucial role in the sugar industry, providing employment and contributing to both local consumption and exports.
• Engro Foods (Olper’s Milk): Engro Foods operates a state-of-the-art dairy processing plant in Sukkur, capable of handling 300,000 liters of raw milk daily. The Olper’s Milk brand is a household name in Pakistan, ensuring a steady supply of dairy products and supporting the local dairy farming community.

Economic Impact

The industries in Sukkur have a profound impact on the local and national economy, as outlined in the following table:

Impact Area	Details
Employment	Provides jobs to thousands, from skilled factory workers to unskilled laborers in supporting roles.
GDP Contribution	Production and export of goods like cement, sugar, and textiles add to Pakistan’s GDP.
Export Potential	Products are exported, bringing in foreign exchange and enhancing economic stability.

While specific economic data for Sukkur is limited, the city’s industries are integral to Sindh’s economic output. For instance, the textile industry, a major sector in Pakistan, contributes 8.5% to the national GDP, and Sukkur’s cotton textile units play a part in this ([Textile Industry](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile_industry_in_Pakistan)). Similarly, the sugar and cement industries support both domestic needs and export markets, strengthening Pakistan’s economy.

Challenges Facing Sukkur’s Industries

Despite their contributions, Sukkur’s industries face several challenges:

• Infrastructure Deficiencies: According to Amir Ghauri, president of the Sukkur Chamber of Commerce and Industry, “Sukkur’s industrial area lacks infrastructure, increasing the cost of doing business” Dawn News. Inadequate roads, electricity, and water supply hinder operational efficiency.
• Limited Value Addition: Sukkur is known for its large market of fresh and dried dates, yet there is little infrastructure for value-added processing. Ghauri notes, “Farm produce shows huge potential for value addition that is yet to be tapped” Dawn News.

Opportunities for Growth

Sukkur’s industrial sector has significant growth potential, as highlighted below:

• New Industrial Enclave: The Sindh Economic Management Company has proposed a new 400-acre industrial enclave in Sukkur, approved under a Public-Private Partnership model. This project aims to provide modern facilities for industries like gem processing, apparel, and halal food processing, potentially attracting new investments SEZMC.
• Agricultural Processing: Developing food processing zones, particularly for dates, could enhance Sukkur’s export potential and create new jobs. The city’s proximity to Khairpur’s Special Economic Zone further supports this opportunity.

Government Initiatives and Support

The government of Pakistan and the Sindh provincial government are actively supporting industrial development in Sukkur. The Special Economic Zones (SEZs) initiative, which includes a nearby SEZ in Khairpur, offers tax incentives and infrastructure support to attract investors. Additionally, the People’s Poverty Reduction Program (PPRP) promotes economic activities in rural areas, indirectly benefiting Sukkur’s industries by increasing local purchasing power ResearchGate. The proposed industrial enclave is a testament to these efforts, aiming to modernize Sukkur’s industrial infrastructure.

Future Prospects

The future of Sukkur’s industries is promising, with several initiatives poised to drive growth:

• Industrial Enclave Development: The new industrial enclave will provide state-of-the-art facilities, attracting both domestic and international investors.
• Value Addition in Agriculture: Establishing food processing units for products like dates could open new markets and boost exports.
• Infrastructure Improvements: Enhanced roads, electricity, and water supply will reduce business costs and make Sukkur more attractive to investors.
• Government Support: Policies promoting industrialization in less-developed regions will encourage more companies to establish operations in Sukkur.

These developments position Sukkur to become a more significant industrial hub in Pakistan, enhancing its economic contributions.

Conclusion

Sukkur’s industries, ranging from cement and sugar to textiles and dairy, are integral to the city’s economic fabric. They provide employment, contribute to Pakistan’s GDP, and hold significant potential for future growth. By addressing challenges like infrastructure deficiencies and capitalizing on opportunities such as value-added agricultural processing and new industrial developments, Sukkur can further strengthen its role as a key economic driver in Sindh and beyond.

Sukkur, industries, economy, Pakistan, cement, sugar, dairy, textiles

 #SukkurIndustries #PakistanEconomy #IndustrialDevelopment

Exploring Sukkur's Transportation Network: Railways, Airport, and Highways

Introduction

Nestled along the banks of the Indus River, Sukkur is a city of historical and economic significance in Pakistan’s Sindh province. Its strategic location has long positioned it as a vital transportation hub, facilitating the movement of people and goods across the region. From its pioneering railway lines to its modest airport and evolving highway network, Sukkur’s transportation infrastructure reflects both its rich past and its aspirations for the future. In this article, we’ll dive into the details of Sukkur’s railway system, airport operations, and highway roads, exploring their history, current state, and importance to the city’s development.

The Railway: A Legacy of Connectivity

Sukkur’s railway system traces its roots back to the mid-19th century, when British colonial efforts sought to enhance connectivity across Sindh. One of the earliest champions of this cause was Hardy Wells, a civil engineer who meticulously surveyed potential railway routes throughout the region. His vision and persistence paved the way for the establishment of the Sindh Railway Company in 1855, chaired by W.P. Andrews. This company took on an ambitious mission: constructing the Sindh railway, extending the Punjab line from Multan to Lahore and Amritsar, and operating a fleet of steamboats between Kotri and Multan to link Punjab with Karachi’s bustling port.

Work on the Sindh section began in 1858, with the Karachi-Kotri line emerging as the first major project. Despite delays and construction challenges, the line opened to traffic on May 11, 1861. Though opinions on its route were initially mixed, its efficiency in transporting goods from the harbor to the river station soon silenced critics, proving its worth as a trade lifeline.

Fast forward to today, Sukkur boasts a robust railway network with seven key stations: Sukkur, Rohri Junction, Pano Akil, Ghotki, Dharki, Shahbunder, and Arain Road. The city is also home to two major junctions Rohri and Sukkur which connect it to the Karachi-Peshawar line and the Sibi line via Habibkot Junction. This extensive rail infrastructure continues to play a pivotal role in Sukkur’s economy, supporting both passenger travel and the transport of goods across Pakistan.

The Airport: Sukkur’s Gateway to the Skies

Sukkur’s aviation history is modest yet significant, centered around its civil airport at Arain Road. The city took its first steps into air travel in 1953, when Crescent Air Transport launched short-haul flights from Karachi to Jacobabad, with stops in Hyderabad, Nawabshah, and Sukkur. This marked the beginning of regular air services in the region, offering a faster alternative to road and rail travel.

In 1955, the newly formed Pakistan International Airlines Corporation (PIA) stepped in, quickly establishing a near-monopoly on domestic air travel. PIA introduced regular flights between Karachi and Sukkur, cementing the city’s place in Pakistan’s aviation network. Today, PIA maintains a daily service from Sukkur to Quetta, ensuring consistent connectivity to other major urban centers. While the airport’s operations are limited compared to larger hubs, it remains an essential link for Sukkur’s residents and businesses, supporting tourism, trade, and personal travel.

Highway Roads: Bridging Sukkur to the Region

Sukkur’s road network is the backbone of its day-to-day connectivity, with several key highways crisscrossing the district. One of the most prominent is the Lahore-Kashmore route via Lakhi, spanning 54.5 miles and linking Sukkur to northern and southern Pakistan. Another significant development is the recently constructed road connecting Sukkur District to Larkana, which has slashed the travel distance between the two from 70 to 50 miles. This shorter route has improved access to markets and services, benefiting both urban and rural communities.

The National Highway (NHA), running diagonally through Sukkur District, further enhances the city’s road connectivity, making it a vital artery for long-distance travel. However, not all is smooth on Sukkur’s roads. A major challenge lies in the lack of secondary roads in remote areas, which hinders connectivity to the main highways and isolates rural populations.

Responsibility for road building and maintenance is split between two entities: the Provincial Highway Department and the District Council. The Provincial Highway Department oversees 218.25 miles of black-top (paved) roads and 82.20 miles of katcha (unpaved) roads. Meanwhile, the District Council manages 22.50 miles of black-top roads, 30.00 miles of brick-level roads, and a staggering 904.80 miles of katcha roads. Together, these bodies maintain a total of 240.75 miles of black-top roads, 30.00 miles of brick-level roads, and 987.00 miles of katcha roads.

Despite these efforts, the overall condition of Sukkur’s roads is far from ideal. Many stretches require urgent repair and reconditioning, particularly in rural areas where unpaved roads dominate. Public demand for better infrastructure is growing, as improved roads could unlock economic potential and enhance quality of life across the district.

Conclusion

Sukkur’s transportation network its railways, airport, and highways tells a story of resilience, adaptation, and ambition. The railway system, born from 19th-century ingenuity, remains a cornerstone of regional trade and travel. The airport, though small, keeps Sukkur connected to Pakistan’s skies, while the highways serve as vital lifelines for its people and economy. Yet, challenges like poor road conditions and limited rural connectivity highlight the need for investment and modernization.

By addressing these gaps, Sukkur can strengthen its role as a transportation hub, driving economic growth and improving access for all its residents. As the city moves forward, its transportation systems will undoubtedly remain central to its identity and progress.

Reference:The information in this article is derived from historical records and current data on Sukkur’s transportation infrastructure, as provided in the user query.

Post: Sayed Sajjad Hussain Musavi

© 2025 Discover Rohri The Ancient City of Sindh

#SukkurTransportation #Railway #Airport #Highways #Sindh #Pakistan

Dr. Sayed Akbar Hussain Shah Musavi: Biography and Contributions

Dr. Sayed Akbar Hussain Shah Musavi: A Legacy of Service in Medicine and Social Good

Introduction

Dr. Sayed Akbar Hussain Shah Musavi: A Multifaceted Leader from Sukkur

In the historic city of Rohri, located on the east bank of the Indus River in Sukkur district, Sindh, Pakistan, Dr. Sayed Akbar Hussain Shah Musavi has emerged as a beacon of service. Born on July 24, 1947, Dr. Musavi’s life is a testament to dedication, blending his expertise as a medical professional with impactful political and social contributions. Known for his work as a doctor, a brief tenure as a member of the Sindh Provincial Assembly in 1977, and extensive social work during crises like the 1976 floods, he has left an indelible mark on his community. This biography explores his journey.

Early Life and Family Heritage

Dr. Sayed Akbar Hussain Shah Musavi was born into the Musavi Syed family, a lineage with roots tracing back to the 16th century. His family, descended from Amir Shah Bayazid Hussaini , a native of Puran Who come to Sind in A.H 928 (A.D 1521), has a storied history of scholarship and leadership in Sindh. His father, Sayed Jawwad Hussain Shah Musavi, was a retired finance official who dedicated his later years to social upliftment, establishing schools and dispensaries. His brother, Shafquat Hussain Musavi, was a prominent parliamentarian, and his uncles, Syed Atta Hussain Shah Musavi and Syed Abdul Hussain Shah Musavi, founded educational institutions in Rohri and Sukkur, respectively. Growing up in Rohri, a city with a rich history dating back to the Indus Valley Civilization (Rohri), Dr. Musavi was instilled with values of service and education.

Education

Dr. Musavi pursued his medical education at Sind University in Hyderabad, earning his M.B.B.S. degree in 1972. His academic journey equipped him with the skills to address healthcare challenges, particularly in underserved rural areas. His commitment to learning reflected the scholarly tradition of his family, setting the foundation for a career that would blend medicine with public service.

Medical Career

Dr. Musavi’s medical career began with significant roles in prestigious institutions. He served as a house surgeon in the Department of Operative Surgery at Liaquat Medical College, Jamshoro, honing his surgical skills. He then joined the National Institute of Cardio-Vascular Diseases at J.P.M.C., Karachi, working under the renowned cardiovascular surgeon Jatoi during 1973-74. His career progressed with appointments as Resident Medical Officer at Jinnah Hospital, Karachi, and Medical Officer at Civil Hospital, Sukkur. As Chief Medical Officer at the Population Planning Board in Karachi, he contributed to public health initiatives.

In a bold move, Dr. Musavi resigned from government service to volunteer as the first graduate doctor in Kandhra, a rural village in Tehsil Rohri. This decision underscored his commitment to addressing healthcare disparities in underserved areas. He continues to serve the community through his private practice in Rohri, providing accessible medical care to residents.

Political Career

In 1977, Dr. Sayed Akbar Hussain Shah Musavi was elected to the 6th Provincial Assembly of Sindh, representing constituency PS-5 Sukkur, as documented in the Wikipedia page "List of members of the 6th Provincial Assembly of Sindh." Running as a candidate for the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), he secured a resounding victory in the General Election of 1977, garnering 46,432 votes against his opponent, Faqir Karim Dino of the Pakistan National Alliance (PNA), who received 1,294 votes, according to detailed election results from Election Pakistani. Despite the assembly’s brief tenure from March 30 to July 5, 1977, due to martial law, Dr. Musavi made significant contributions. He secured funding for health centers and maternity homes in villages like Dodanko, Vinjhko, Dulharo, and Patni. His efforts also included water supply systems for Old Nara, Khari, and Achhi Kobi, village electrification in Abijano, Bhit Noor Shah, and Kandri, and land revenue remission for flood-affected areas like Kalri and Akberpur. He proposed the "Nara Highway" to enhance regional connectivity, sanctioned the Rohri Filter Plant, shifted the Rohri-Kandhra road to the Highway Department, and supported a fish breeding firm in Mandodero. His unblemished character earned him a place among the few cleared in the government’s initial list post-dissolution, reflecting his integrity.

• Water Supply: Sanctioned for Old Nara, Khari, and Achhi Kobi.
• Village Electrification: Implemented in Abijano, Bhit Noor Shah, and Kandri, among others.
• Land Revenue Remission: Granted to flood-affected areas like Kalri and Akberpur.
• Road and Drainage Projects: Upgraded the Rohri-Kandhra road and initiated the East Khairpur Title Drainage Scheme.

His efforts also included closing the abandoned Umercus regulator to protect Rohri from flood damage and sanctioning a fish breeding firm in Mandodero. Dr. Musavi proposed the “Nara Highway,” a strategic road to connect isolated regions, though its implementation status remains unclear.

Social Work and Community Leadership

Dr. Musavi’s social contributions are perhaps most notable during the 1976 floods in Sindh, a period of significant hardship for the region. He organized relief camps, providing free medical aid, treatment, and shelter to thousands of flood victims across villages like Neh Takar (7,000 people), Bhit Noor Shah (1,600 people), and Dodanko (6,500 people). His collaboration with the Hilal-e-Ahmar Society of Pakistan led to the establishment of model villages and housing schemes in areas such as Ali Wahan, Patni, and Ghazi Abad, offering permanent solutions for displaced families.

Education was another focus of his social work. Dr. Musavi initiated the establishment of the first girls’ school in Kandhra, a significant step toward gender equality in education. He held leadership roles in several organizations, including:

• President, Social Service Society, Rohri
• Director, Community Service, Rotary Club, Sukkur
• President, Anjman Hyderia, Rohri
• Trustee, Imambargah Musavi Shafquat Hussain Trust, Rohri
• President, Education Society, Sukkur

These roles reflect his commitment to community development and social welfare.

Family Legacy

The Musavi family’s contributions extend beyond Dr. Musavi’s efforts. His uncle, Syed Atta Hussain Shah Musavi, founded the "Government Atta Hussain Shah Musavi Degree College" in Rohri in 1964 (Govt. Atta Hussain), a key educational institution in the region. Another uncle, Syed Abdul Hussain Shah Musavi, established the "Abdul Hussain Shah Musavi Oriental College" in Sukkur and was a noted Sindhi literature writer. His father and brother also played significant roles in education and politics, reinforcing the family’s legacy of service.

Conclusion

Dr. Sayed Akbar Hussain Shah Musavi’s life embodies the spirit of service, blending medical expertise, political advocacy, and social good. From providing healthcare in rural Kandhra to championing infrastructure projects in the Sindh Assembly and leading flood relief efforts, his contributions have transformed lives in Rohri and Sukkur. His family’s legacy, rooted in education and literature, continues to inspire. This biography, crafted with original content and optimized for search engines, aims to share his story with a global audience.

References

Personal records provided by the Musavi family.

List of members of the 6th Provincial Assembly of Sindh.

List of floods in Pakistan.

PS 5 Sukkur General Election 1977 Result

Post: Sayed Sajjad Hussain Musavi

© 2025 Discover Rohri The Ancient City of Sindh

biography, Pakistan, Sindh, social work, medicine, politics, Rohri, Sukkur

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